The tracheophytes are plants with well-developed vascular systems. Most contain chlorophyll. Though all plants produce spores, only the higher (more complex) plants also produce seeds, which develop in cones or in flowers.

Whisk ferns. Most primitive of vascular plants. Branching, leafless stems; no true roots.

Club mosses. Branching stems with numerous small leaves. Spores produced by club-shaped organ.

Horsetails. Jointed stems with whorls of leaves.

Ferns. Have feathery leaves called fronds.

Cycads. Palmlike. Produce seeds in cones.

The ginkgo. Has fan-shaped leaves. Produces seeds in fleshy, roundish structures.

Gnetophytes, such as welwitschia. Produce seeds in cones.

Conifers. Have needlelike or scalelike leaves. Mostly evergreen. Produce seeds in cones.

Flowering plants. Largest plant division. Produce seeds in flowers.