Historians count the machine gun among the most important technologies of the past 100 years. As much as any other factor, it set the brutal, unrelenting tone of World War I and World War II, as well as most of the wars since that time. With this machine, one soldier could fire hundreds of bullets every minute, mowing down an entire platoon in only a few passes. Military forces had to develop heavy battle equipment, such as tanks, just to withstand this sort of barrage. This single weapon had a profound effect on the way we wage war.

Tim Ridley/Getty Images
Machine guns may have complicated warfare, but they actually run on very basic concepts.



