Lots More Information
Author's Note: How Nicotine Works
It wasn't the statistics about the health risks of smoking tobacco or how addictive nicotine can be that surprised me as I researched the effects of nicotine; rather, it was that the tobacco plant is in the same family of plants as some of my favorite edibles: potatoes, tomatoes, eggplant and hot peppers. - MT
Related Articles
More Great Links
Sources
- American Cancer Society. "Guide to Quitting Smoking." July 8, 2013. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/002971-pdf.pdf
- American Heart Association. "Why is it so hard to quit?" (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/QuitSmoking/QuittingSmoking/Why-is-it-so-hard-to-quit_UCM_324053_Article.jsp
- American Lung Association. "Children and Teens." Feb. 2010. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.lung.org/stop-smoking/about-smoking/facts-figures/children-teens-and-tobacco.html
- Balfour, DJ. "The Neurobiology of Tobacco Dependence: a Preclinical Perspective on the Role of the Dopamine Projections to the Nucleus Accumbens [corrected]." Nicotine & Tobacco Research. Vol. 6, no. 6. Pages 899-912. Dec. 2004. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15801566
- Benowitz, Neal L.; Hukkanen, Janne; and Peyton Jacob III. "Nicotine Chemistry, Metabolism, Kinetics and Biomarkers." Handbook of Experimental Pharmacology. Vol. 192. Pages 29-60. 2009. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2953858/
- BeTobaccoFree.gov. "Nicotine Addiction and Your Health." (Nov. 24, 2013) http://betobaccofree.hhs.gov/health-effects/nicotine-health/index.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Documentation for Immediately Dangerous To Life or Health Concentrations (IDLHs)." May 1994. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/idlh/54115.HTML
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "National Biomonitoring Program: Biomonitoring Summary - Cotinine." June 19, 2013. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Cotinine_BiomonitoringSummary.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "NICOTINE: Systemic Agent." June 18, 2013. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/ershdb/EmergencyResponseCard_29750028.html
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. "Smoking & Tobacco Use: Fast Facts." June 5, 2013. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/data_statistics/fact_sheets/fast_facts/
- Charlton, Anne. "Medicinal uses of tobacco in history." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. Vol. 97, no. 6. Pages 292-296. June 2004. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1079499/ awq
- CNN. "A brief history of tobacco." 2000. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.cnn.com/US/9705/tobacco/history/
- Dubuc, Bruno. "How drugs affect neurotransmitters." The Brain from Top to Bottom. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://thebrain.mcgill.ca/flash/i/i_03/i_03_m/i_03_m_par/i_03_m_par_nicotine.html
- Dugdale III, David C. "Nicotine and tobacco." U.S. National Library of Medicine. Dec. 10, 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000953.htm
- Eliasson, Bjorn; Taskinen, Marja-Riitta; and Ulf Smith. "Long-term Use of Nicotine Gum Is Associated With Hyperinsulinemia and Insulin Resistance." Circulation. Vol. 94. Pages 878-881. 1996. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://circ.ahajournals.org/content/94/5/878.full
- Graham, Marty. "Researchers Light Up for Nicotine, the Wonder Drug." Wired. June 20, 2007. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2007/06/nicotine
- Gudehithlu, KP; Duchemin AM; Tejwani GA; Neff, NH; and M Hadjiconstantinou. "Nicotine-induced changes of brain B-endorphin." Neuropeptides. Vol. 46, no. 3. Pages 125-131. June 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22483037
- Hukkanen, Janne; Pleyton III, Jacob; and Neal L. Benowitz. "Metabolism and Disposition Kinetics of Nicotine." Pharmacological reviews. Vol. 27, no. 1. Pages 79-115. March 2005. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/57/1/79.full
- Kapoor, D, and TH Jones. "Smoking and hormones in health and endocrine disorders." European Journal of Endocrinology. Vol. 152. Pages 491-499. April 1, 2005. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.eje-online.org/content/152/4/491.full
- Leary, Warren E. "Researchers Investigate (Horrors!) Nicotine's Potential Benefits." The New York Times. Jan. 14, 1997. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.nytimes.com/1997/01/14/science/researchers-investigate-horrors-nicotine-s-potential-benefits.html
- Mayo Clinic. "Nicotine dependence." June 4, 20130. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/nicotine-dependence/DS00307
- Mayo Clinic. "Nicotine (Oral Route, Transdermal Route)." Nov. 1, 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/drug-information/DR601949/DSECTION=precautions-
- MedicineNet.com. "Nicotine (Tobacco Addiction and Abuse)." March 1, 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.medicinenet.com/nicotine/article.htm
- National Institute on Aging. "Neurons and Their Jobs." Oct. 27, 2011. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.nia.nih.gov/alzheimers/publication/part-1-basics-healthy-brain/neurons-and-their-jobs
- National Institute on Drug Abuse. "How Does Tobacco Deliver Its Effects?" July 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-addiction/how-does-tobacco-deliver-its-effects
- National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Is nicotine Addictive?" July 2012. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-addiction/nicotine-addictive
- National Institute on Drug Abuse. "Nicotine." June 2007. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/brain-power/grades-6-9/legal-doesn't-mean-harmless-module-2/background
- Psychology Today. "Nicotine." May 13, 2010. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.psychologytoday.com/conditions/nicotine
- Royal College of Physicians of London. "Tobacco Advisory Group. Nicotine Addiction in Britain: A Report of the Tobacco Advisory Group of the Royal College of Physicians." Page 1. 2000. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://books.google.com/books?id=y62ZBt538WAC&dq=nicotine%20addiction%20in%20britain
- Schwartz-Bloom, Rochelle, and Gayle Gross de Nunez. "The Dope on Nicotine." PBS. 2001. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/cigarette/nicotine_nfp.html
- Science Daily. "Nicotine." (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.sciencedaily.com/articles/n/nicotine.htm
- Sherman, Carl. "Impacts of Drugs on Neurotransmission." National Institute on Drug Abuse. Oct. 1, 2007. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.drugabuse.gov/news-events/nida-notes/2007/10/impacts-drugs-neurotransmission
- The George Mateljan Foundation -- The World's Healthiest Foods. "What are nightshades and in which foods are they found?" (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.whfoods.com/genpage.php?tname=george&dbid=62
- Vlase, Laurian; Filip, Lorena; Mindrutau, Ioana; and Sorin E. Leucuta. "Determination of Nicotine from Tobacco by LC-MS-MS." Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai Journal. Pages 19-24. 2005. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.itim-cj.ro/srms/C5-LaurianVlase.pdf
- Waymire, Jack C. "Chapter 11: Acetylcholine Neurotransmission." University of Texas Medical School. (Nov. 24, 2013) http://neuroscience.uth.tmc.edu/s1/chapter11.html
- World Health Organization. "Gender, Women, and the Tobacco Epidemic: 7: Addiction to Nicotine." (Nov. 24, 2013) http://www.who.int/tobacco/publications/gender/en_tfi_gender_women_addiction_nicotine.pdf