Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, an honorary organization dedicated to research in the pure and applied sciences. Individuals are elected to membership on the basis of their achievement or potential achievement in scientific research. The society publishes American Scientist, a bi-monthly. The organization was founded as Sigma Xi in 1886. In 1974 it absorbed the Scientific Research Society of America. Membership is approximately 110,000. Headquarters are in Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.